Mlodinow trata o modo como o cérebro opera a realidade, nomeadamente a relação entre consciente e não-consciente, e como essa constante passagem entre os dois modos produz desvios ou erros nos processos de racionalização. Ou seja, Mlodinow analisa o impacto desses erros de leitura a partir das capacidades dos processos cognitivos de percepção, memória e atenção sobre as relações humanas, ou processos de socialização. Fala-nos assim do modo como lemos e julgamos os outros por meio de generalizações que o nosso cérebro opera para conseguir lidar com a complexidade da realidade. Deixo um excerto que resume os processos descritos:
“We like to think we judge people as individuals, and at times we consciously try very hard to evaluate others on the basis of their unique characteristics. We often succeed. But if we don’t know a person well, our minds can turn to his or her social category for the answers. Earlier we saw how the brain fills in gaps in visual data — for instance, compensating for the blind spot where the optic nerve attaches to the retina. We also saw how our hearing fills gaps, such as when a cough obliterated a syllable or two in the sentence “The state governors met with their respective legislatures convening in the capital city.” And we saw how our memory will add the details of a scene we remember only in broad strokes and provide a vivid and complete picture of a face even though our brains retained only its general features. In each of these cases our subliminal minds take incomplete data, use context or other cues to complete the picture, make educated guesses, and produce a result that is sometimes accurate, sometimes not, but always convincing. Our minds also fill in the blanks when we judge people, and a person’s category membership is part of the data we use to do that.”
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